Dog-rose

Dog-rose:

Dog rose is a valuable medicinal plant of the Rosaceae family, and its fruit is beneficial for the digestive system and is used in the preparation of food and tea. Mountain rose is of great value in traditional medicine, and the fruit or even the seeds of this plant have been referred to as medicine.

Botany:

Mountain rose or wild rose is a perennial shrub up to 3 meters high. This plant grows in parts of Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and North America. There are 11 species of rose in Iran, of which Mountain rose is one of these species, and it is mainly found in the Zagros Mountains in the west and northwest of Iran, as well as in some Alborz Mountains.
This plant grows wild on rocks and even in bushes and has fragrant flowers and white or pink petals. Its fruit is round or ovoid and jug-shaped, elongated, smooth with a bright red color that is dark red to brownish when fully ripe, and the seeds are located inside it.

Chemical Composition:

Studies have shown that the fruit of this shrub contains the highest amount of vitamin C among all fruits and vegetables, and also contains high amounts of vitamins E, D, B6, B2, B1, A and K. In addition to ascorbic acid, citric acid and malic acid have also been reported as organic acids of this fruit. This plant is also rich in carotenoids including lycopene, -β-epitoxanthin, -β-carotene, roxine, xanthoxanthin and zeaxanthin. Other active constituents of the plant are also pectin and sugar, especially glucose and fructose. Similarly, the essential oil of mountain rose contains alcohols, aldehydes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes. Mountain rose contains various minerals, mainly phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc.

Medicinal properties:

The therapeutic effects of mountain rose have been traditionally reported due to its biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-ulcer and skin healing in a wide range of diseases.
Polyphenols are other effective compounds found in plants that, in addition to creating flavor and color in plants, have antioxidant activity and prevent many diseases including various cancers, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and so on.